Biology ETDs
Publication Date
Fall 12-12-2018
Abstract
Gastropod immunobiology has benefitted from investigations focused on the planorbid snail Biomphalaria glabrata, intermediate host for the human parasite Schistosoma mansoni. Though such concentrated efforts have elucidated fascinating aspects of invertebrate immunity, they have not provided full knowledge regarding the evolution of immune function among other gastropod species. This dissertation presents the importance of making strategic choices regarding which organisms to select for comparative immunology. Herein, the choice was made to investigate the immunobiology of Physella acuta, a freshwater snail species of the Physidae, a sister family to Planorbidae to which B. glabrata belongs. Benefiting greatly from the use of next-generation sequencing (NGS), the immunobiology of P. acuta was studied using 454 pyrosequencing, Illumina RNA-seq, experimental infections with Echinostoma paraensei (trematode parasite), and other molecular techniques. These analyses revealed that many components of gastropod immunity have been conserved among physid and planorbid snails. Also, P. acuta displays differences in immune function, such as the use of fibrinogen-related proteins in response to trematode parasite exposure. Remarkably, P. acuta differentially expressed relatively large immune-relevant gene families (CD109/TEP, dermatopin, GTPase IMAP, among others) after exposure to E. paraenesi. Inspection of the individual members that represent these gene families demonstrated complex transcriptional profiles that suggest parasite influence on host immune function and the capacity of a host to maintain homeostasis while supporting parasite development, an extended phenotype of E. paraenesi. These lab-based studies represent the first large scale characterizations of P. acuta immune function. The immune factors described through NGS approaches enable investigations of the ecoimmunology of P. acuta snails collected from the field. This approach uncovered many sequences that are differentially expressed by P. acuta naturally in the field relative to the lab environment. There is variation in the expression of certain antimicrobial factors and genes governing biological processes. Overall, this dissertation has expanded the scope of gastropod immunity and provides resources and insights that are accessible for continued development and understanding of evolutionary and comparative immunology concepts.
Language
English
Keywords
Comparative Immunology, Evolutionary Immunology, Invertebrate Immunology, Gastropods, Mollusca, Next-generation sequencing
Document Type
Dissertation
Degree Name
Biology
Level of Degree
Doctoral
Department Name
UNM Biology Department
First Committee Member (Chair)
Coenraad M Adema
Second Committee Member
Eric S. Loker
Third Committee Member
Irene Salinas
Fourth Committee Member
Patrick Hanington
Recommended Citation
Schultz, Jonathan H.. "PHYSELLA ACUTA, COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY ASPECTS OF GASTROPOD IMMUNE FUNCTION." (2018). https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/biol_etds/311
Included in
Bioinformatics Commons, Biology Commons, Computational Biology Commons, Genomics Commons, Immunity Commons, Parasitology Commons