Program
Biomedical Engineering
College
Engineering
Student Level
Doctoral
Location
PAÍS Building
Start Date
10-11-2022 11:00 AM
End Date
10-11-2022 1:00 PM
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Synthetic biopolymers allow for the creation of bone scaffolds which degrade and may be designed to encourage regeneration of new bone tissue. A common biopolymer for bone tissue engineering poly (propylene-fumarate)(PPF) has been found to have mechanical properties similar to that of native bone; however, former research has suggested its slow degradation rate can pose issues in bone tissue regeneration applications. This research introduces poly (1,2-butylene fumarate)(1,2-PBF) as a potential material for 3D bioprinting of bone tissue scaffolds. METHODS: 1,2-PBF synthesis is done via a polycondensation reaction of fumaryl chloride and 1,2-butanediol using a nitrogen sparging method in which the carbonyl end-groups of the fumaryl monomer reacts with the hydroxyl end-groups of the 1,2-butanediol. Nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) was used to analyze the molecular structure of the synthetic biopolymer. Formulation of a 1,2-PBF bioink was mixed using 1,2-PBF polymer, dietheylfumarate(DEF), chloroform, and a photo-initiator phenylbis(2-4-6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide(BAPO). Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) spectroscopy of the 1,2 PBF bioink was obtained to characterize the bioink formulation. Preliminary scaffolds were created via a casting method using the bioink formulation and cross-linking via UV. Cell attachment of 3T3 cells to 1,2-PBF scaffolds were tested using a Live/Dead Viability/Cytotoxicity kit to assess the overall biocompatibility of 1,2-PBF. RESULTS: NMR analysis verified the molecular structure of 1,2-PBF. The C-NMR spectra exhibits carbon peaks at 8-10ppm(CH3), 22-25ppm(CH2), and 64-67ppm(CH2-O) that represents butanediol. Peaks representing the fumarate group were present at 6.5-7.0ppm and ethylene at 0.8-1.1ppm/1.4-1.9ppm on the H-NMR spectra. FTIR confirmed proper bioink formulation ratios, with 1,2-PBF polymer being mostly present as it is the largest component of the bioink. Live/Dead Viability/Cytotoxicity assay confirmed fair cell viability, but poor attachment to the scaffold. DISSCUSION: 1,2-PBF polymer was successfully synthesized, and scaffolds were created via casting, however scaffolds showed poor cell attachment, but fair cell viability. Future research includes evaluating mechanical characteristics, introducing techniques for improving cell viability, and optimizing rheological properties printing parameters for 3D bioprinting of 1,2-PBF. We hypothesize that this polymer, with some optimization, can be developed into a 3D printable bioink that can produce scaffolds with similar mechanical properties to PPF, but with improved biodegradation characteristics.
Investigating Poly (1,2-butylene fumarate) Biopolymer for Applications in Bone Tissue Engineering
PAÍS Building
INTRODUCTION: Synthetic biopolymers allow for the creation of bone scaffolds which degrade and may be designed to encourage regeneration of new bone tissue. A common biopolymer for bone tissue engineering poly (propylene-fumarate)(PPF) has been found to have mechanical properties similar to that of native bone; however, former research has suggested its slow degradation rate can pose issues in bone tissue regeneration applications. This research introduces poly (1,2-butylene fumarate)(1,2-PBF) as a potential material for 3D bioprinting of bone tissue scaffolds. METHODS: 1,2-PBF synthesis is done via a polycondensation reaction of fumaryl chloride and 1,2-butanediol using a nitrogen sparging method in which the carbonyl end-groups of the fumaryl monomer reacts with the hydroxyl end-groups of the 1,2-butanediol. Nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) was used to analyze the molecular structure of the synthetic biopolymer. Formulation of a 1,2-PBF bioink was mixed using 1,2-PBF polymer, dietheylfumarate(DEF), chloroform, and a photo-initiator phenylbis(2-4-6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide(BAPO). Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) spectroscopy of the 1,2 PBF bioink was obtained to characterize the bioink formulation. Preliminary scaffolds were created via a casting method using the bioink formulation and cross-linking via UV. Cell attachment of 3T3 cells to 1,2-PBF scaffolds were tested using a Live/Dead Viability/Cytotoxicity kit to assess the overall biocompatibility of 1,2-PBF. RESULTS: NMR analysis verified the molecular structure of 1,2-PBF. The C-NMR spectra exhibits carbon peaks at 8-10ppm(CH3), 22-25ppm(CH2), and 64-67ppm(CH2-O) that represents butanediol. Peaks representing the fumarate group were present at 6.5-7.0ppm and ethylene at 0.8-1.1ppm/1.4-1.9ppm on the H-NMR spectra. FTIR confirmed proper bioink formulation ratios, with 1,2-PBF polymer being mostly present as it is the largest component of the bioink. Live/Dead Viability/Cytotoxicity assay confirmed fair cell viability, but poor attachment to the scaffold. DISSCUSION: 1,2-PBF polymer was successfully synthesized, and scaffolds were created via casting, however scaffolds showed poor cell attachment, but fair cell viability. Future research includes evaluating mechanical characteristics, introducing techniques for improving cell viability, and optimizing rheological properties printing parameters for 3D bioprinting of 1,2-PBF. We hypothesize that this polymer, with some optimization, can be developed into a 3D printable bioink that can produce scaffolds with similar mechanical properties to PPF, but with improved biodegradation characteristics.
