The Enforceability of Economic, Social and Cultural Rights as a Neutrosophic Variable: The Right to Education in Ecuador

Authors

• Alejandro Montece, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador, Sede Esmeraldas, Esmeraldas, Ecuador

Abstract

In 1948 the United Nations General Assembly adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and in 1966 it divided fundamental rights into two covenants. This study analyses the level of enforceability of economic, social and cultural (ESC) rights, taking the right to education in Ecuador as its case, and argues that enforceability is not a binary property but a neutrosophic variable: for each dimension of the right there coexist degrees of realization (T), degrees of documented non-realization (F), and a component of indeterminacy (I) that the analysis types into constitutive indeterminacy and removable indeterminacy. The results show high truth values in recognition and access, concentrated falsity in quality, and an indeterminacy profile whose type differs by dimension.

Recommended Citation

Montece, Alejandro. "The Enforceability of Economic, Social and Cultural Rights as a Neutrosophic Variable: The Right to Education in Ecuador." Neutrosophic Sets and Systems 101, 1 (2026). https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/nss_journal/vol101/iss1/10