How to make market-based policy instruments effective?

The aim of this paper is to evaluate the effectiveness of MBIs to regulate ES at various topographic regions of Nepal through the integration of both natural science and economic elements within the geographic information systems (GIS) framework. It attempts to develop a land production model based on location-specific spatial and temporal factors taking into account the primary ‘supporting services’ (e.g. soil formation) to ‘provisioning’ (e.g. food production), ‘regulating’ (e.g. climate) and ‘cultural’ (e.g. recreation) services which are the building blocks of ES.