knb-lter-sev.307.7

Summary Information

Warming-El Nino-Nitrogen Deposition Experiment (WENNDEx): Soil Nitrogen Data from the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico (2006 - present)

Creator:

Individual:

Scott Collins

Physical Address:
Delivery Address:	Department of Biology, MSC03 2020, 1 University of New Mexico
City:	Albuquerque
Locality:	NM
Postal Code:	87131
Phone:	US

Email:

scollins@sevilleta.unm.edu

Creator:

Individual:

William Pockman

Organization:

Pockman Lab Webpage

Physical Address:
Delivery Address:	Department of Biology, MSC03 2020, 1 University of New Mexico
City:	Albuquerque
Locality:	NM
Postal Code:	87131
Phone:	US

Email:

pockman@unm.edu

Publication Date:

2016-07-11

Language:

English

Abstract:

Humans are creating significant global environmental change, including shifts in climate, increased nitrogen (N) deposition, and the facilitation of species invasions. A multi-factorial field experiment is being performed in an arid grassland within the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge (NWR) to simulate increased nighttime temperature, higher N deposition, and heightened El NiÃ±o frequency (which increases winter precipitation by an average of 50%). The purpose of the experiment is to better understand the potential effects of environmental drivers on grassland community composition, aboveground net primary production and soil respiration. The focus is on the response of two dominant grasses (Bouteloua gracilis and B eriopoda), in an ecotone near their range margins and thus these species may be particularly susceptible to global environmental change. It is hypothesized that warmer summer temperatures and increased evaporation will favor growth of black grama (Bouteloua eriopoda), a desert grass, but that increased winter precipitation and/or available nitrogen will favor the growth of blue grama (Bouteloua gracilis), a shortgrass prairie species. Treatment effects on limiting resources (soil moisture, nitrogen availability, species abundance, and net primary production (NPP) are all being measured to determine the interactive effects of key global change drivers on arid grassland plant community dynamics and ecosystem processes. On 4 August 2009 lightning ignited a ~3300 ha wildfire that burned through the experiment and its surroundings. Because desert grassland fires are patchy, not all of the replicate plots burned in the wildfire. Therefore, seven days after the wildfire was extinguished, the Sevilleta NWR Fire Crew thoroughly burned the remaining plots allowing us to assess experimentally the effects of interactions among multiple global change presses and a pulse disturbance on post-fire grassland dynamics. This data set provides soil N availability in each plot of the warming experiment for the monsoon season (also see SEV176).

Keywords:
Keyword:	inorganic nutrients
Keyword Thesaurus:	Core Areas

Keywords:
Keyword:	wildfires
Keyword:	climate
Keyword:	soil nutrients
Keyword:	nitrogen
Keyword:	soil
Keyword:	deserts
Keyword:	grasslands
Keyword Thesaurus:	LTER Controlled Vocabulary

Additional Information:

Study Area Name: Warming site Study Area Location: Within the Sevilleta, the site is located just Northeast of Deep Well meteorological station. The site can be reached by parking on the main road next to the signs for deep well and the minirhiztron study. Note that the road to Deep Well met station does not permit vehicles. Travel on foot towards deep well and look for a well-trod path off to the right shortly before the met station. Vegetation: The vegetation is Chihuahuan Desert Grassland, dominated by black grama (Bouteloua eriopoda & B. gracilis). North Coordinate:34.35946709 South Coordinate:34.35995732 East Coordinate:-106.69020587 West Coordinate:-106.69086619

Intellectual Rights:

Data Policies

This dataset is released to the public and may be freely downloaded. Please keep the designated contact person informed of any plans to use the dataset. Consultation or collaboration with the original investigators is strongly encouraged. Publications and data products that make use of the dataset must include proper acknowledgement of the Sevilleta LTER. A copy of any publications using these data must be supplied to the Sevilleta LTER Information Manager.

Distribution:

Online:
URL:	http://sev.lternet.edu/content/warming-el-nino-nitrogen-deposition-experiment-wenndex-soil-nitrogen-data-sevilleta-national

Coverage:

Geographic Goverage:

Geographic Description:

The Warming site is located just to the northeast of the Deep Well meteorological station. The site can best be accessed by parking on the main road next to signs for Deep Well and the mini-rhizotron study. Note that vehicles are not permitted on the road to the Deep Well meteorological station. Travel on foot towards Deep Well and look for a well-trod path to the northwest shortly before the meteorological station. For plot maps, see power point slides in the on-line Sevilleta LTER WIKI page. On August 4, 2009, a lightning-initiated fire began on the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge. By August 5, 2009, the fire had reached the Warming site, which was burned extensively though not entirely. Approximately 50% of plots burned on August 5 and those plots which did not burn were burned within three weeks by US Fish and Wildlife. Thus, the condition of all plots at the Warming site was comparable by early September 2009.

Bounding Coordinates:
West Bounding Coordinates:	-106.691
East Bounding Coordinates:	-106.691
North Bounding Coordinates:	34.3595
South Bounding Coordinates:	34.3595

Temporal Coverage:

Date Range:

Begin Date:
Calendar Date:	2006-01-01

End Date:
Calendar Date:	2015-12-31

Contact:

Position Title:

Information Manager

Organization:

LTER Network Office

Physical Address:
Delivery Address:	UNM Biology Department, MSC03-2020
Delivery Address:	1 University of New Mexico
City:	Albuquerque
Locality:	NM
Postal Code:	87131-0001
Phone:	USA

Phone:

505 277-2535

Phone:

505 277-2541

Email:

tech-support@lternet.edu

URL:

http://www.lternet.edu

Contact:

Individual:

Information Manager Sevilleta LTER

Physical Address:
Delivery Address:	1 University of New Mexico
City:	Albuquerque
Postal Code:	87131
Phone:	US

Phone:

(505) 277-2109

Phone:

(505) 277.5355

Email:

data-use@sevilleta.unm.edu

Publisher:
Organization:	Sevilleta Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) Project
URL:	http://sev.lternet.edu

Publication Place:

Sevilleta LTER

Method Step:

Description:

Experimental Design Our experimental design consists of three fully crossed factors (warming, increased winter precipitation, and N addition) in a completely randomized design, for a total of eight treatment combinations, with five replicates of each treatment combination, for a total of 40 plots. Each plot is 3 x 3.5 m. All plots contain B. eriopoda, B. gracilis and G. sarothrae. Our nighttime warming treatment is imposed using lightweight aluminum fabric shelters (mounted on rollers similar to a window shade) that are drawn across the warming plots each night to trap outgoing longwave radiation. The dataloggers controlling shelter movements are programmed to retract the shelters on nights when wind speeds exceed a threshold value (to prevent damage to shelters) and when rain is detected by a rain gauge or snow is detected by a leaf wetness sensor (to prevent an unintended rainout effect). Each winter we impose an El Nino-like rainfall regime (50% increase over long-term average for non-El Nino years) using an irrigation system and RO water. El Nino rains are added in 6 experimental storm events that mimic actual El Nino winter-storm event size and frequency. From January-March, there are 4x5mm applications, 1x10mm application and 1x20mm application. For N deposition, we add 2.0 g m-2 y-1 of N in the form of NH4NO3 because NH4 and NO3 contribute approximately equally to N deposition at SNWR (57% NH4 and 43% NO3; BÃ¡ez et al., 2007, J Arid Environments). The NH4NO3 is dissolved in 12 liters of deionized water, equivalent to a 1 mm rainfall event, and applied with a backpack sprayer prior to the summer monsoon. Control plots receive the same amount of deionized water. Instrumentation: Soil N is measured using Plant Root Simulator Probes (PRSÂ® Probes, Western Ag Innovations, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada https://www.westernag.ca/innov). Probes are installed in late June or early July prior to the monsoon season and removed in October each year.

Data Table:

Entity Name:

sev307_Warmingsoilnitrogendata_20160711.csv

Entity Description:

Data for sev307. Warming soil nitrogen data.

Object Name:

sev307_Warmingsoilnitrogendata_20160727.csv

Size:

10356

Data Format:

Text Format:

Number of Header Lines:

Record Delimiter:

\r\n

Attribute Orientation:

column

Simple Delimited:
Field Delimiter:	,

Distribution:

Online:
URL:	https://pasta.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/knb-lter-sev/307/7/273d6d2a561ed33b84fe2bddeca045b3

Coverage:

Temporal Coverage:

Date Range:

Begin Date:
Calendar Date:	2006-01-01

End Date:
Calendar Date:	2015-12-31

Attribute List:

Attribute Name:

year

Attribute Label:

year

Attribute Definition:

The year in which the data were collected.

Storage Type:

date

Measurement Scale:

Datetime:
Format String:	YYYY

Attribute Name:

plot

Attribute Label:

plot

Attribute Definition:

Plot number.

Storage Type:

string

Measurement Scale:

Nominal:

Non Numeric Domain:

Text Domain:
Definition:	Plot number.

Attribute Name:

temp

Attribute Label:

temp

Attribute Definition:

Temperature treatment.

Storage Type:

string

Measurement Scale:

Nominal:

Non Numeric Domain:

Enumerated Domain:

Code Definition:
Code:	0
Definition:	ambient

Code Definition:
Code:	1
Definition:	warmed

Attribute Name:

precip

Attribute Label:

precip

Attribute Definition:

Precipitation treatment

Storage Type:

string

Measurement Scale:

Nominal:

Non Numeric Domain:

Enumerated Domain:

Code Definition:
Code:	0
Definition:	ambient

Code Definition:
Code:	1
Definition:	50mm precip added

Attribute Name:

nitrogen

Attribute Label:

nitrogen

Attribute Definition:

Nitrogen treatment.

Storage Type:

string

Measurement Scale:

Nominal:

Non Numeric Domain:

Enumerated Domain:

Code Definition:
Code:	0
Definition:	ambient

Code Definition:
Code:	1
Definition:	fertilized with 2g/m2/yr with NO3NH4

Attribute Name:

code

Attribute Label:

code

Attribute Definition:

Code for each treatment added to each plot.

Storage Type:

string

Measurement Scale:

Nominal:

Non Numeric Domain:

Enumerated Domain:

Code Definition:
Code:	T
Definition:	temperature

Code Definition:
Code:	N
Definition:	nitrogen

Code Definition:
Code:	P
Definition:	precipitation

Code Definition:
Code:	C
Definition:	control

Attribute Name:

total N

Attribute Label:

total N

Attribute Definition:

This is the total Nitrogen- NO3+NH4.

Measurement Scale:

Ratio:

Unit:

Custom Unit:

microgramsPer10cm2

Precision:

Numeric Domain:
Number Type:	real

Attribute Name:

NO3

Attribute Label:

NO3

Attribute Definition:

The concentration of NO3 in micrograms of N per 10cm2 of soil.

Measurement Scale:

Ratio:

Unit:

Custom Unit:

microgramsPer10cm2

Precision:

0.01

Numeric Domain:
Number Type:	real

Missing Value Code:
Code:	"."
Code Explanation:	missing

Attribute Name:

NH4

Attribute Label:

NH4

Attribute Definition:

The concentration of NH4 in micrograms of N per 10cm2 of soil.

Measurement Scale:

Ratio:

Unit:

Custom Unit:

microgramsPer10cm2

Precision:

Numeric Domain:
Number Type:	real