Summary Information
Warming-El Nino-Nitrogen Deposition Experiment (WENNDEx): Meteorology Data (4/30/2007 - 8/5/2009)
Creator:
Individual: Scott Collins
Physical Address:
Delivery Address: Department of Biology, MSC03 2020, 1 University of New Mexico
City: Albuquerque
Locality: NM
Postal Code: 87131
Phone: US
Email: scollins@sevilleta.unm.edu
Metadata Provider:
Individual: Information Manager Sevilleta LTER
Physical Address:
Delivery Address: 1 University of New Mexico
City: Albuquerque
Postal Code: 87131
Phone: US
Phone: (505) 277-2109
Phone: (505) 277.5355
Email: data-use@sevilleta.unm.edu
Publication Date: 2012-02-08
Language: English
Abstract:
Humans are creating significant global environmental change, including shifts in climate, increased nitrogen (N) deposition, and the facilitation of species invasions. A multi-factorial field experiment is being performed in an arid grassland within the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge (NWR) to simulate increased nighttime temperature, higher N deposition, and heightened El Niño frequency (which increases winter precipitation by an average of 50%). The purpose of the experiment is to better understand the potential effects of environmental change on grassland community composition and the growth of introduced creosote seeds and seedlings. The focus is on the response of three dominant species, all of which are near their range margins and thus may be particularly susceptible to environmental change. It is hypothesized that warmer summer temperatures and increased evaporation will favor growth of black grama (Bouteloua eriopoda), a desert grass, but that increased winter precipitation and/or available nitrogen will favor the growth of blue grama (Bouteloua gracilis), a shortgrass prairie species. Treatment effects on limiting resources (soil moisture, nitrogen mineralization, precipitation), species growth (photosynthetic rates, creosote shoot elongation), species abundance, and net primary production (NPP) are all being measured to determine the interactive effects of key global change drivers on arid grassland plant community dynamics.
Keywords:
Keyword: inorganic nutrients
Keyword Thesaurus: Core Areas
Keywords:
Keyword: plant communities
Keyword: species
Keyword: meteorology
Keyword: climate change
Keyword: climate
Keyword: weather
Keyword: wind
Keyword: precipitation
Keyword: precipitation
Keyword: air temperature
Keyword: radiation
Keyword: light
Keyword: precipitation
Keyword: precipitation
Keyword: deserts
Keyword: grasslands
Keyword: grasses
Keyword: forbs
Keyword Thesaurus: LTER Controlled Vocabulary
Intellectual Rights:
Data Policies
This dataset is released to the public and may be freely downloaded. Please keep the designated contact person informed of any plans to use the dataset. Consultation or collaboration with the original investigators is strongly encouraged. Publications and data products that make use of the dataset must include proper acknowledgement of the Sevilleta LTER. A copy of any publications using these data must be supplied to the Sevilleta LTER Information Manager.
Distribution:
Online:
URL: http://sev.lternet.edu/data/sev-258
Coverage:
Geographic Goverage:
Geographic Description: Deep Well is located on McKenzie Flats and is site of the longest running SEV LTER met station, number 40, which has been active since 1988.  In addition to studies of meteorological variables, core line-intercept vegetation transects and line-intercept transects from the 1995 & 2001 Deep Well fires are sampled here.  The mini-rhizotron study, blue and black grama compositional comparison, blue and black grama patch dynamics investigation, and kangaroo rat population assessement are all ongoing here.  Deep Well Blue/Black Grama Mixed is also the location of the warming and monsoon experiments, as well as portions of the line-intercept and vegetation removal studies. On August 4, 2009, a lightning-initiated fire began on the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge. By August 5, 2009, the fire had reached the area of Deep Well Blue/Black Grama Mixed.  While portions of this site were burned, the entirety was not.  See individual projects for further information on the effects of the fire.
Bounding Coordinates:
West Bounding Coordinates: -106.688
East Bounding Coordinates: -106.688
North Bounding Coordinates: 34.3591
South Bounding Coordinates: 34.3591
Bounding Altitude:
Altitude Minimum: 1600
Altitude Maximum: 1600
Altitude Units: meter
Geographic Goverage:
Geographic Description: The Warming site is located just to the northeast of the Deep Well meteorological station. The site can best be accessed by parking on the main road next to signs for Deep Well and the mini-rhizotron study. Note that vehicles are not permitted on the road to the Deep Well meteorological station.  Travel on foot towards Deep Well and look for a well-trod path to the northwest shortly before the meteorological station.  For plot maps, see power point slides in the on-line Sevilleta LTER WIKI page. On August 4, 2009, a lightning-initiated fire began on the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge. By August 5, 2009, the fire had reached the Warming site, which was burned extensively though not entirely. Approximately 50% of plots burned on August 5 and those plots which did not burn were burned within three weeks by US Fish and Wildlife.  Thus, the condition of all plots at the Warming site was comparable by early September 2009.
Bounding Coordinates:
West Bounding Coordinates: -106.691
East Bounding Coordinates: -106.691
North Bounding Coordinates: 34.3595
South Bounding Coordinates: 34.3595
Temporal Coverage:
Date Range:
Begin Date:
Calendar Date: 2007-04-30
End Date:
Calendar Date: 2009-08-09
Contact:
Position Title: Information Manager
Organization: LTER Network Office
Physical Address:
Delivery Address: UNM Biology Department, MSC03-2020
Delivery Address: 1 University of New Mexico
City: Albuquerque
Locality: NM
Postal Code: 87131-0001
Phone: USA
Phone: 505 277-2535
Phone: 505 277-2541
Email: tech-support@lternet.edu
URL: http://www.lternet.edu
Contact:
Individual: Sevilleta Information Manager
Organization: Sevilleta LTER
Physical Address:
Phone: US
Email: data-use@sevilleta.unm.edu
Publisher:
Individual: Information Manager Sevilleta LTER
Physical Address:
Delivery Address: 1 University of New Mexico
City: Albuquerque
Postal Code: 87131
Phone: US
Phone: (505) 277-2109
Phone: (505) 277.5355
Email: data-use@sevilleta.unm.edu
Publication Place: Sevilleta LTER
Method Step:
Description:
Experimental Design Our experimental design consists of three fully crossed factors (warming, increased winter precipitation, and N addition) in a completely randomized design, for a total of eight treatment combinations, with five replicates of each treatment combination, for a total of 40 plots. Each plot is 3 x 3.5 m. All plots contain B. eriopoda, B. gracilis and G. sarothrae. Our nighttime warming treatment is imposed using lightweight aluminum fabric shelters (mounted on rollers similar to a window shade) that are drawn across the warming plots each night to trap outgoing longwave radiation. The dataloggers controlling shelter movements are programmed to retract the shelters on nights when wind speeds exceed a threshold value (to prevent damage to shelters) and when rain is detected by a rain gauge or snow is detected by a leaf wetness sensor (to prevent an unintended rainout effect). Each winter we impose an El Nino-like rainfall regime (50% increase over long-term average for non-El Nino years) using an irrigation system and RO water. El Nino rains are added in 6 experimental storm events that mimic actual El Nino winter-storm event size and frequency. During El Nino years we use ambient rainfall and do not impose experimental rainfall events. For N deposition, we add 2.0 g m-2 y-1 of N in the form of NH4NO3 because NH4 and NO3 contribute approximately equally to N deposition at SNWR (57% NH4 and 43% NO3; Bez et al., 2007). The NH4NO3 is dissolved in 12 liters of deionized water, equivalent to a 1 mm rainfall event, and applied with a backpack sprayer prior to the summer monsoon. Control plots receive the same amount of deionized water.
Data Table:
Entity Name: sev258_warmingmet_03012012.txt
Entity Description: Data for SEV 258.
Object Name: sev258_warmingmet_20130124.txt
Size: 4393857
Data Format:
Text Format:
Number of Header Lines: 1
Number of Footer Lines: 0
Record Delimiter: \r\n
Attribute Orientation: column
Simple Delimited:
Field Delimiter: ,
Distribution:
Online:
URL: https://pasta.lternet.edu/package/data/eml/knb-lter-sev/258/137262/07ce5f07c61a89f3662e6cb3b22a8392
Coverage:
Temporal Coverage:
Date Range:
Begin Date:
Calendar Date: 2007-04-30
End Date:
Calendar Date: 2009-08-05
Attribute List:
Attribute Name: timestamp
Attribute Label: timestamp
Attribute Definition: time recorded by Campbell datalogger when observation was collected
Storage Type: date
Measurement Scale:
Datetime:
Format String: YYYYMMDDhhmmss
Attribute Name: date
Attribute Label: date
Attribute Definition: date and time as recorded by Campbell datalogger
Storage Type: date
Measurement Scale:
Datetime:
Format String: MM/DD/YYThh:mm:ss
Attribute Name: precip
Attribute Label: precip
Attribute Definition: Total amount of precipitation in a 15 minute interval
Measurement Scale:
Ratio:
Unit:
Standard Unit: millimeter
Precision: 0.1
Numeric Domain:
Number Type: real
Bounds:
Minimum: 0
Maximum: 50
Attribute Name: precip_flag
Attribute Label: precip_flag
Attribute Definition: Quality control flag for precip data
Storage Type: string
Measurement Scale:
Nominal:
Non Numeric Domain:
Enumerated Domain:
Code Definition:
Code: Q
Definition: questionable
Attribute Name: light_avg
Attribute Label: light_avg
Attribute Definition: Average amount of light measured during 15 minute interval
Measurement Scale:
Ratio:
Unit:
Custom Unit: wattPerMeterSquared
Numeric Domain:
Number Type: real
Bounds:
Minimum: 0
Maximum: 1500
Attribute Name: light_flag
Attribute Label: light_flag
Attribute Definition: QC flag for light data
Storage Type: string
Measurement Scale:
Nominal:
Non Numeric Domain:
Enumerated Domain:
Code Definition:
Code: Q
Definition: questionable
Attribute Name: wind_avg
Attribute Label: wind_avg
Attribute Definition: Average wind speed during a 15 minute interval
Measurement Scale:
Ratio:
Unit:
Custom Unit: meterPerSecond
Numeric Domain:
Number Type: real
Bounds:
Minimum: 0
Maximum: 35
Attribute Name: wind_flag
Attribute Label: wind_flag
Attribute Definition: QC flag for wind variable
Storage Type: string
Measurement Scale:
Nominal:
Non Numeric Domain:
Enumerated Domain:
Code Definition:
Code: Q
Definition: questionable
irradiance unit meters per second